What are TEMA types and what do the letters mean?
TEMA, the Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association, standardises shell-and-tube exchanger design. A three-letter designation describes the front head, shell and rear head — for example BEM is a bonnet front head, one-pass shell and fixed tubesheet rear; AES is a removable-channel front head, one-pass shell and floating rear head. TEMA class R is for refinery and severe service, class C for moderate commercial service, and class B for chemical process service. The datasheet states the type and class.
When is an ASME U-stamp required?
The U-stamp certifies that a pressure vessel was designed, fabricated and inspected in accordance with ASME VIII by an ASME certificate holder, with an ASME code inspector witnessing the required stages. It is required where the owner, the jurisdiction or the insurer specifies ASME code compliance — which is the norm in the Gulf and much of Africa for hydrocarbon service. Vessels for European projects follow PED with CE marking instead.
What is the difference between API 650 and API 620 tanks?
API 650 covers welded steel tanks for atmospheric storage — design pressure up to a small positive value at the roof — and is the standard for crude, product and water storage. API 620 covers larger low-pressure tanks, up to about 1 bar g, including refrigerated LNG and LPG storage. The stored product and its vapour pressure determine which applies.
What is a duplex strainer?
A duplex strainer has two basket chambers with a changeover valve, so one basket can be removed and cleaned while the other remains in service, without interrupting flow. It is specified where the line cannot be shut down for cleaning — fuel oil, lubrication, cooling water and seal-flush systems. A simplex strainer has one chamber and requires the line to be isolated for cleaning.
What does third-party inspection involve?
An independent inspection agency, appointed by the purchaser, witnesses defined stages of fabrication — material verification, fit-up, welding, NDE, hydrotest and final inspection — against an inspection and test plan agreed before work starts. The agency issues an inspection release note before shipment. It is specified for pressure equipment, critical service and where the purchaser cannot attend the fabricator’s works.
What is needed to quote process equipment?
The mechanical datasheet and, where available, the process datasheet and any drawings. At minimum: the design code, design pressure and temperature, materials, principal dimensions or the thermal duty, nozzle schedule, corrosion allowance, NDE and heat treatment requirements, inspection and stamping requirements, and the delivery location for transport limits.
Where is the equipment sourced from?
CRS PLUS sources process equipment from its qualified supplier base of code-certified fabricators in China, India, Europe and the Gulf, including ASME U-stamp holders. Origin, the fabricator’s certification and the inspection agency are stated on each quotation. CRS PLUS does not name fabricators on this page and holds no agency agreement with any of them.